Condenser



June 24, 1930. w, DUBlLlER v 1,768,439

CONDENSER Filed April 4, 1924 HW MHHI I N V EN T0 R. BY W////'0/77 0mm A TTORNEY Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I WILLIAM DUBILTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.-, ASSIGNOR TO DUBILIER CONDENSER CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE CONDENSER Application filed. April}, 1924. Serial No. 704,195.

This invention relates to improvements in condensers,particularly electrical condensers adapted for high potential circuits.

An object of this invention is to provide a condenser of the desired characteristics and having a casing to enclose and protect it: so that it can be easily handled and conveniently connected to the terminals of thecircuit in which it is to be used; the elements of the condenser being so disposed in the casing as to occupy the smallest possible space, afford easy access for examination,replacement and repair, and be effectually insulated at any given point in accordance with the potential thatmay develop between that point and metallic parts of the casing, or any conductive members contained therein; except of course the terminals or electrodes forming the opposite poles of the condenser.

The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken with the accompanying drawings which show a preferred 2 construction in which my invention is embodieda but I of course reserve the right to make changes not necessarily illustrated herein, but embraced within the scope and spirit of my invention; as indicated by the broad meanings of the terms of the appended claims.

0n the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan of a condenser according to my invention, with a housing or casing therefor in horizontal section along the line 1-1 in Figure 2; and

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line 22 of Figure 1.

The same numerals identify the same parts throughout.

,The body of the condenser is indicated as a whole by the numeral 1. It is encircled securely by a clamping member or strap 2 which is preferably of metal to bind the p'arts of the condenser firmly together; and the body 1 with the" strap 2 can be handled and mounted as a single structural unit in a suitable casing 3, which is also preferably of metal and has perforated arms 4 at'its opposite ends to enable this casing to be attached to any convenient support.

As indicated in the drawings, the body of the condenser 1 comprises two halves, one half just like the other, and arranged in 5 line with each'other so that the body of the condenser extends from one extremity of the casing to the opposite extremity of same. The casing 3, being of metal as stated, can be utilized as one terminal of the condenser, and the other terminal is afforded by a bolt 5, which will be connected in practice to the adjacent; ends of the two halves of the body 1. 1

At opposite ends of the loop afforded by 5 the strap or band 2, which, along with the casing 3, is presented as being of rectangular configuration, are rigid plates 6 between which the opposite ends of the body 1 of the condenser is held. At one end of the loop, the extremities of the band 2 overlap each other, and these extremities of the strap, as ,well as the strap at the opposite end of the loop are secured to the plates 6 in any suitable way. The two halves of the condenser are each made up of several sec tions 7*, 7 and 7, with intervening separator plates 8 of metal or any suitable conducting material. These sectionsgrow successively smaller as one passes from the opposite ends of the .body 1 towards the middle thereof, where the adjacent ends of the two halves of the condenser face each other; and while the internal construction of the condenser is nota part of this invention, each. of the sections 7 7 and 7 willconsist of conductive el'ements in the form of sheets or plates of'metal or foil f separated ,by sheets of a suitable dielectric such as mica m and the strap 2 will encircle the body 1 9 tightly enough to hold all the leaves or sheets oiimica and foil in effective engagement over the entire surface thereof.- In between the. two halves of the body of the condenser 1 and substantially at the middle of the casing 3 is a member 9, which ma be a section of metallic tubing flattened to some extent; and to this member is united a part 10, which may be in the form of a piece of spring metal capable of yielding to one side, or the other, and serving to unite the member 9 to the bolt 5. The member 9 lies between the adjacent extremities of the two halves of the body 1, and these extremities abut the opposite sides of this member 9, which is more or less compressible, so that if the two halves of the body 1 of the condenser should expand, the member 9 can be forced into a smaller compass; and whenever the member 9 is compressed in this way or made flatter for a time by stresses in the body of the condenser on either side of it, the yieldable terminal 10 can adjust itself to the extent necessary. This terminal can be attached to one side of the compressible member 9.

The sections 7, 7 'and 7 of each half of the body of the condenser 1 can be united in any desired relation; for example, they may be considered as being in series, one half of the conductive elements 7 of the sections 7 being united to the metallic plates 6 and the other half through the metallic separator plates 8, to one-half of the conductive elements of the sections 7*. The remaining conductive elements 7 of the sections 7 can be united to half of the conductive elements 7 of the sections 7; the remaining conductive elements 7 of these innermost sections being joined to the compressible member 9. With such an arrangement, the sections 7*, 7 and 7 of each half of the condensers will be in series; while the two halves of the condenser 1 will be in parallel with one extremity of each half to be connected in circuit through the body of the metallic casing 3, and the other extremity to be joined to the bolt 5 through the member 9 and yieldable terminal 10. At one end of the casing 3 is the section 7, and one-half of the condenser may be placed directly against the plate 6; while at the other end of the condenser, I may employ a pressure head or clamping plate 11, between the corresponding section 7" of the other half, and the other plate 6; and this clamping plate 11 may be engaged by an adjustable screw 12 passing through threaded openings in the overlapping ends of the band 2, and in the adjacent plate 6, so that when this screw is turned up, this plate or head 11 will force the two halves of the body of the condenser 1 towards each other to hold the member 9 tightly between them.

As indicated clearly in Figures 1 and 2, the sections 7*, 7 and 7 grow successively smaller from the ends of the body' of the condenser 1 towards the middle of the easing 3, where the member 9 is situated. The two halves of the body of the condenser, being in line with each other, have a common axis; and from the ends of the body 1 towards the middle, the sections grow smaller transversely of this axis. This smaller size of each of the sections is due to both a smaller width and a smaller length of the conductive elements f, and dielectric elements m of the sections 7, 7 and 7, passing through the ends of the body 1 towards the middle; the conductive elements of the sections 7, 7 and 7 thus being unequal in size and area, the ele' ments of greatest area being those of the sections 7, at the extreme ends of the body 1, and of smallest area in the sections 7 adjacent the member 9 at the middle, and with the conductive elements f of the section 7", of intermediate area. This arrangement is adopted, so that the edges of the periphery of the conduetix e elements f in the sections 7, 7 and 7 are separated by greater and greater distances from the sides, bottom and top of the casing 3, sothat as the potential increases from the ends of the casing towards the compressible member 9 and terminal 10, the sections 7, 7 and 7 are very effectually insulated from the casing 3, and the metal strap 2, by the larger intervening air spaces around the edges of the conductive elements 7' of the sec-' tions 7*, 7 and 7 and though the conductive elements 7" of the smaller intermediate sections adjacent the member 9 may have higher potentials than. the outermost or adjacent sections 7, there will still be no greater danger or liability of flashing or sparking between the edges of the conductive elements of the sections 7 or 7, and the inside of the casing 3, or the strap 2, than between the elements f of the sections 7. I

The design of the condenser is thus very efficient, and will operate as required without disturbance or impairment'of function.

The casing 3 may be open at its lower end, but provided with a removable bottom or closure 13, having a rim or flange 14 perforated to give passage to screws or fastening devices 15, to engage the casing, and enable the bottom to be held in place. The top will be of somewhat smaller size than the bottom, but likewise open to receive a body of insulation 16, through which the bolt 5 passes. At each end of the insulation 16 is a reinforcing plate 17 of suitable material, andthe body of the insulation 16 may be supported in any suitable fashion. I have shown the edge of the mouth or open top of the casing 3 as being provided with a ring or circular seat 18, upon which is made fast any suitable means for holding the insulation 16 in position in the top of the casing, and keeping it spaced above the body of the condenser 1, and maintaining it"in central position, so that its outside surface will be separated from the inner edge of the opening through the top of the casing. Such means are indicated at 19, secured to the seat 18 by suitable fastening devices such as screws 20; and the means 19 may, for example, have the form of rods at each side of the insulation 16, said rods being secured at their opposite extremities, and shaped so as to grip tightly the insulation 16 between them. Only one of such rods is shown in Figure 2, but obviously, if a pair of such rods is employed andmade fast at their opposite extremities to the casing 3, and so shaped that they pass around opposite sides of the insulation 16, they can be made to hold the insulation 16 in the required position, especially if these rods are curved somewhat, and the insulation 16 is supplied with grooves orrecesses to receive them.

The lower end of the bolt- 5 is shown as having riveted engagement 'with the lower plate 17 and the opposite end of this bolt passes through the upper plate 17 and also through a wide' bell-shaped element 21, which rests upon the top plate and extends downward, so that its lower edge is only a short distance from the top of the casing 3. Nuts 22 on the upper end of the bolt 5 can be employed to hold the top plate 17, and the element 21 securely, in place. The insulation 16 can be of porcelain, rubber or anything else that will answer the purpose, and the element 21 provides a safety spark gap between its lower edge and the top of the casing 3, between which flashing will occur at excessive voltagesfto prevent the puncture or damage of the conductive elements 7 of any of the sections. Under all ordinary conditions, the element 21' will be sufiicient to prevent damage, but in case any of the Cal,

sections should ever e injured by a disruptive discharge, the body 1 can be taken out of the casing very easll by removing the bottom 13; and then b oosening the screw 12, the body can be tailen apart so that the sections can be examined and any one or more of them easily repaired or replaced.

The numerals 23 indicate fastening means such as screws or rivets to secure the overlapping ends of the strap 2, to the adjacent plate 6, and 24 indicates mounting screws which pass in through holes in the opposite ends of the casing 3, and engage threaded holes going through the strap 2 and into the opposite plates6, so as to support the body 1 in the casing 3. Of course each half of the body 1 can be regarded as a complete condenser, in a circuit through the casing 3 at one end, and the tube 9 and terminal 10 at the other, and the strap 2, with the adjustable tightening means 12, acts through the end plates 6 to hold the two opposed halves in abutting contact with the member 9 with sufiicient firmness to keep the whole number of sections securely mounted in the strap or frame 2, and in proper position in the casing 3 when the frame is supported by the. screws 24.

The manner in which the sections 7, 7",

and 7 are connected together is really not a spaces around the edges of the conductive elements f of the sections 7 and 7 1 may also give the means for holding the insulation 16 in position any suitable form;

for example, this means may have the shape of an insulating flange or collar encircling the insulation 16; such a flange 0r collar beintegral or rigid with the body 16 and resting upon the seat 18 to which it may be secured by screws 20, or a clamping ring, or any other suitable device.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire to secure and. protect by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A condenser comprising a body 0011- taining sections of conductive and dielectric elements. and havin a spring terminal extending transversely 0% the body and held by pressure in position between two sections to connect with the body of the condenser.

2. A condenser comprising a body consisting of two halves adjacent each other, a yielding compressible member engaged by both of said halves, and a laterally adjustable terminal connected to said member.

3. A condenser comprising a body consistin g of two halves in line with each other, a yielding compressible member between said halves and engaged by adjacent extremities thereof, and a laterall adjustable terminal connected to said mem er. 4. A condenser comprising a band, a plurality of sections disposed against one another in said band and engaged thereby, a yielding compressible member in abutting contact with one ofsaid sections and a spring terminal contact with said member.

5. A condenser comprising a plurality of sections placed one against each other along an axis, and of successively smaller size along said axis, a frame encircling said sections, a plate in said frame in contact with a section at one end of said axis, a compressible member in abutting contact with another section of relatively smaller size, a yieldable terminal connected to said member. and a casing in which said frame and said sections are removably mounted.

6. A condenser comprising a frame, end plates in said frame, sections containing conducting elements separated by a dielectric in said frame, said sections being placed against one another, and forming two halves ofthe condenser, each half being in abutting contact with one of said plates, adjustable tightening means at one end of the frame,

the sections adjacent the ends of the frame being of largest area, and the other sections of each half decreasing in area, towards the middle of the frame, a compressible tubular member adjacent the middle of the frame between th sections of each half and engaged thereby. an adjustable yielding terminal attached to said member, and a casing enclosing the frame and the sections carried thereby. the frame and the sections being removable.

7. The combination of a condenser comprising a body containing conductive and dielectric elements having areas of high and low potentials, a member surrounding the condenser, means associated with said meniher to enable said member to clamp said elements, said condenser and said member having such relative shapes that the distance between the sides of the condenser and said member increases progressively from the low potential areas of the body to the high potential areas of the same. i

8. The combination of a condenser comprising a body containing conductive and dielectric elements, a member surrounding said body, means associated with said member to enable said member to clamp said elements, the conductive elements of said condenser progressively decreasing in area along the length of the condenser, so that the distance between the side edges of said elements and said member decreases from each end of the body of the condenser to a point between the ends.

9. The combination of a. condenser comprising sections disposed one against another along a common axis, each section containing conductive and dielectric elements, a member surrounding the condenser, means associated with said member to enable the member to clamp said sections, the condenser and said member having such relative shapes that the distance between the sides of the condenser and said member increases progressively from the ends of said condenser toward th middle thereof.

10. The combination "of a condenser comprising a plurality of sections disposed one against another along a common axis, and a n ember surrounding said condenser, the sections being of progressively smaller cross-sectional area from each end of said condenser towards the middle thereof, so that the distance between the sides of the condenser and said member continually increases from the ends of the condenser towards the middle of the same.

11. A condenser comprising a body containing conductive and dielectric elements and having a yieldable terminal connected thereto by engagement with a compressible member clamped to the body, said terminal consisting of a piece ofspring metal secured to a fixed point and having a free end engaging said com ressible member.

12. A con enser comprising a body containing conductive and dielectric elements, a terminal for the condenser and a yielding compressible member engaging the terminal and clamped to the condenser.

13. A high potential condenser having areas of higher and lower potentials and comprising a plurality of sections of armature members separated by dielectric material, certain of the sections having relatively smaller cross sectional dimensions,rthe said sections having smaller dimensions being disposedin the areas of higher potentials within the condenser.

MIA high potential condenser having areas of higher and lower potentials and comprising a plurality of sections arranged about a common axis, certain of the sections having relatively smaller dimensions in a direction transverse to said common axis, the said sections having smaller dimensions being disposed in the areas of higher potentials within the condenser.

15. A high potential condenser comprising an enclosing member, a stack within the member having a plurality of sections, the stack having points of low potential at its ends and a point of high potential intermediate its ends, and the sections of the stack adjacent the point of high potential having relatively smaller cross sectional dimensions to increase the distance between the point of high potential and the enclosing member.

16. A condenser comprising a body of conductive and dielectric elements, means for exerting compression on the body, a deformable member clamped to the body by said com ression means, and a flexible terminal for t e condenser connected to the body Ey engagement with said deformable mem- In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WILLIAM DUBILIER. 

